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Sustained Acoustic Medicine
Sustained Acoustic Medicine or SAM〔Lewis, G.K., M.D. Langer, C.R. Henderson, and R. Ortiz, Design and Evaluation of a Wearable Self-Applied Therapeutic Ultrasound Device for Chronic Myofascial Pain. Ultrasound in medicine & biology, 2013. 39(8): p. 1429-1439.〕〔Taggart, R., M.D. Langer, and G.K. Lewis. Human Factors Engineering and testing for a wearable, long duration ultrasound system self-applied by an end user. in Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE. 2014.〕 is a long-duration therapeutic ultrasound medical procedure to musculoskeletal tissues for increasing local circulation〔Knight, K. and D.O. Draper, Therapeutic modalities: the art and science. 2nd edition ed. 2013, Baltimore, MD: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins.〕 and accelerating the healing〔Pounder, N.M. and A.J. Harrison, Low intensity pulsed ultrasound for fracture healing: A review of the clinical evidence and the associated biological mechanism of action. Ultrasonics, 2008. 48(4): p. 330-338.〕 of injured issues. Generally speaking, SAM treatment regimens start with 1 hour and go up to 4 hours of daily therapeutic ultrasound treatment of injured or painful tissues such as tendinopathies,〔Lewis, G., L. Hernandez, G.K. Lewis Sr., and R. Ortiz, Wearable long duration ultrasound therapy pilot study in rotator cuff tendinopathy. Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics, 2013. 19(1): p. -.〕〔Fu, S.C., W.T. Shum, L.K. Hung, M.W. Wong, L. Qin, and K.M. Chan, Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on tendon healing: a study of the effect of treatment duration and treatment initiation. Am J Sports Med, 2008. 36(9): p. 1742-9.〕 muscle spasms,〔Lewis, G.K., M.D. Langer, C.R. Henderson, and R. Ortiz, Design and Evaluation of a Wearable Self-Applied Therapeutic Ultrasound Device for Chronic Myofascial Pain. Ultrasound in medicine & biology, 2013. 39(8): p. 1429-1439.〕 joint contractures and arthritis,〔Langer, M.D., V. Levine, L. Hernandez, and G.K. Lewis Jr, Treatment of Mild to Moderate Knee Osteoarthritis With Long-Duration Low-Intensity Therapeutic Ultrasound. J Ultrasound Med, 2014. 33(S): p. S54.〕〔Langer, M., R. Taggart, R. Ortiz, and G. Lewis Jr. Sustained Acoustic Medicine Provides Pain Relief for Osteoarthritis of the Knee. in World Confederation of Physical Therapy Congress. 2015. Singapore.〕 and other general soft-tissue inflammation injuries and musculoskeletal pain. Therapeutic ultrasound as a physiotherapy rehabilitation tool has been applied for over 80 years for 10 to 20 minutes in the clinic setting.〔Knight, K. and D.O. Draper, Therapeutic modalities: the art and science. 2nd edition ed. 2013, Baltimore, MD: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins〕 SAM on the other hand provides both longer and daily ultrasound treatments to sustain the biological enhancement to injured tissues such as increased local circulation, greater nutrient transfer, upregulation of collagen synthesis, and reduction of inflammation and inflammatory cytokines.〔Rigby, J., R. Taggart, K. Stratton, G.K. Lewis Jr, and D.O. Draper, Multi-Hour Low Intensity Therapeutic Ultrasound (LITUS) Produced Intramuscular Heating by Sustained Acoustic Medicine. J Athl Train, 2015. in press.〕 The development of SAM〔Lewis GK, Jr., Olbricht WL. Development of a portable therapeutic and high intensity ultrasound system for military, medical, and research use. Rev Sci Instrum. 2008;79(11):114302. Epub 2008/12/03. doi: 10.1063/1.3020704. PubMed PMID 19045903; PMCID: 2596633〕〔Lewis GK, Jr., Olbricht WL. Design and characterization of a high-power ultrasound driver with ultralow-output impedance. Rev Sci Instrum. 2009;80(11):114704. Epub 2009/12/02. doi: 10.1063/1.3258207. PubMed PMID 19947748.〕 began out of Cornell University from research supported by The National Science Foundation on developing long-duration ultrasound treatment systems.〔http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2008/12/grad-student-creates-portable-ultrasound-devices〕〔http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=116640〕〔http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2010/02/miniature-ultrasound-undergoing-clinical-trial〕 The study of SAM was also supported by The National Institutes of Health for the treatment of Osteoarthritis of the knee〔http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/zetroz-inc-awarded-397000-nih-grant-1862001.htm〕〔Langer, M., R. Taggart, R. Ortiz, and G. Lewis Jr. Sustained Acoustic Medicine for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Clinical Study. in Human Research Program Investigator's Workshop: Integrated Pathways to Mars. 2015. Galveston, TX.〕 and The National Space and Biomedical Research Institute funded by NASA for the treatment of back pain caused by herniated disks.〔http://finance.yahoo.com/news/zetroz-inc-announces-625-000-193911052.html〕〔Guarino, S., G. Lewis Jr., and R. Ortiz. Wearable low intensity therapeutic ultrasound for chronic back pain. in Biomedical Engineering Society Annual Meeting. 2011. Hartford, CT.〕 Sustained Acoustic Medicine, SAM is classified as a drug-free bioelectronic approach to assist with chronic pain management and soft tissue healing.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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